Why should I care about dietary fiber?

My coaching clients often ask me this question during sessions. "'Cause it keeps ya regular," your grandpa may have told you. There are many more reasons to get enough fiber in your diet, but I'll get into that in a minute. First, let's talk about what dietary fiber is and how it works.

So, what is dietary fiber?

Dietary fiber is all the plant material your body cannot absorb or digest. Also known as bulk fiber or roughage, fiber passes through your body, basically unchanged. Although counted as a carbohydrate, it does not really contribute to your calorie count, since the intake equals the output.

There's SOLUBLE fiber and there's INSOLUBLE fiber.

• Soluble fiber becomes a gel-like substance in water. Foods higher in soluble fiber include peas, apples, citrus fruits, oatmeal, beans, carrots, oats and psyllium.
• Insoluble fiber, as the name implies, is not soluble and includes wheat bran, nuts, whole-wheat flour and several vegetables.

So, what's the difference?

• Soluble fiber helps lower cholesterol and control blood sugar levels
• Insoluble fiber helps keep bowel function, well, functioning optimally. It also helps with watery or loose stools by absorbing water.

In general, dietary fiber is also an excellent part of any weight loss strategy. In fact, Weight Watchers considers fiber in the calculation of all food point values in their Momentum program. Foods high in fiber are "filling," allowing you to feel fuller longer and less likely to snack on foods high in sugar, fat or salt.

How much do you need?

The latest recommendations for women are 25 grams per day if 50 or younger and 21 grams per day for women over 50. For men, it's 38 grams if under 50 and 30 grams if over 50. Sadly, few Americans even come close and may explain why two-thirds of the population is overweight or obese.

One final word of caution: When increasing the amount of fiber in your diet, do it gradually. Too big of a change may cause flatulence and abdominal discomfort, which may lead to giving up prematurely on a fiber-rich diet. Start low, go slow, but GO!